Outcomes were measured at baseline and within 1 month after treatment completion or after a waiting period of approximately 4.5 months after baseline for TAU. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was mean item change in trauma and stress-related symptoms using a locally validated version of the UCLA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (range, 0-4) and functional impairment using a locally developed measure (range, 0-4). The TAU group (n = 126) received usual community services offered to OVC. Interventions The intervention group received 10 to 16 sessions of TF-CBT (n = 131). Children were aged 5 through 18 years and had experienced at least one traumatic event and reported significant trauma-related symptoms. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of lay counselor–provided trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) to address trauma and stress-related symptoms among OVC in Lusaka, Zambia.ĭesign, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial compared TF-CBT and treatment as usual (TAU) (varying by site) for children recruited from August 1, 2012, through July 31, 2013, and treated until December 31, 2013, for trauma-related symptoms from 5 community sites within Lusaka, Zambia. Despite this, no randomized clinical trials have studied evidence-based treatments for OVC in low-resource settings. Importance Orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) are at high risk for experiencing trauma and related psychosocial problems. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.
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